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MeDiCaLeSe 2006 a non-standard medical reference book Elizabeth S. Dearborn Blowtorch Press Bualo, New York All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any
form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording,
or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from
the author, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review. The information contained in this book has been obtained from sources believed to be
reliable. However, neither MeDiCaLeSe.org nor Elizabeth S. Dearborn nor Blowtorch
Press guarantee the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein,
and will not be responsible for any errors, omissions, or damages arising from the use
of this information. This work is published with the understanding that Blowtorch
Press and its authors are supplying information but are not attempting to provide
medical advice. If you are in need of medical advice, please consult a physician. Copyright c 2006 by Elizabeth S. Dearborn. 13-digit ISBN 978-0-9770281-8-4 10-digit ISBN 0-9770281-8-6 blowtorch-press.com iii Contents Preface iv Drugs 5,145 entries ... 1 Abbreviations 681 entries ... 123 Vocabulary 418 entries ... 138 Institutions 202 entries ... 150 Studies 1,123 entries ... 156 Drug Classes 67 entries ... 188 Vaccines 141 entries ... 191 Anatomy 188 entries ... 196 Diseases and Conditions 805 entries ... 202 Signs and Symptoms 210 entries ... 230 Diagnostics 857 entries ... 239 Tests, Scales, and Scores 625 entries ... 262 Miscellaneous 202 entries ... 280 Street Drugs 60 entries ... 287 Devices 586 entries ... 290 Non- U.S. 3,118 entries ... 305 Countries 248 entries ... 370 Anesthesia 71 entries ... 372 Cardiovascular 1,429 entries ... 375 Complementary Medicine 76 entries ... 414 Dermatology and Plastic Surgery 467 entries ... 419 Emergency Medicine 156 entries ... 433 Endocrine 303 entries ... 439 Gastroenterology 496 entries ... 448 Hematology/Oncology 917 entries ... 462 Infection 836 entries ... 489 Neurology 1,271 entries ... 507 Ob/Gyn 581 entries ... 543 Ophthalmology 733 entries ... 559 Orthopedics 1,566 entries ... 577 Otolaryngology 316 entries ... 616 Pediatrics 323 entries ... 624 Pulmonary 326 entries ... 635 Rehabilitation 102 entries ... 644 Surgery 1,566 entries ... 648 Transplantation 78 entries ... 680 Urology 319 entries ... 684 Wound Care 434 entries ... 694 Discontinued 764 entries ... 704 iv Preface THIS BOOK AND its predecessor MeDiCaLeSe 2005 evolved from medicalese.org, which has been online since July 11, 2001. The database is updated daily. In ve
years plus a few months, it has grown to 226,000 words, and has users all over the
world. GUEST ACCESS TO the database, with certain features disabled, is available to everyone. Unrestricted access is free for owners of this book. To register your purchase,
send a blank email to register@medicalese.org. Within a day or two, you will get an
email from us, asking you to answer one question from the book. After we have
received your reply with your correct answer, printing of your search results will no
longer be disabled, and you will be able to access the entire database. THIS BOOK CONTAINS a great deal of technical language and would be of limited use to the layperson. The primary intended audience for this book is the medical
transcription community, especially those transcriptionists who do not have internet
access while transcribing. Medical students, nurses, doctors, coders, and other health
professionals will also nd useful information here. EXCEPT FOR THE new entries which have been added to the website since the typesetting was completed, the book and the website contain essentially the same
information. The website is optimized for the requirements of medical transcriptionists,
who often need to quickly look up a particular combination of letters and make an
educated guess as to whether a word choice is correct. For example, a search for the
string jones produces the following: Matches: jones: 12 Orthopedics: Jones fracture - fractured proximal fth metatarsal.
Diagnostics: Jones silver stain.
Surgery, Orthopedics: Watson-Jones tenodesis of the ankle - reconstructive ankle
surgery. Named for Sir Reginald Watson-Jones.
Surgery, Orthopedics: Watson-Jones anterolateral approach to hip joint. Named
for Sir Reginald Watson-Jones.
Oncology: Bence Jones protein - an abnormal plasma or urinary protein. Found in
multiple myeloma.
Oncology: nonsecretory multiple myeloma - in which the plasma cells do not secrete
Bence Jones protein.
Orthopedics: Jones compressive dressing with berglass shell, to be applied following
ankle surgery.
Ophthalmology: Baby Jones towel clamp.
Surgery: Smead-Jones continuous mass closure.
Orthopedics: Robert Jones splint - of the lower extremity, applied after IM nailing v of the tibia. Webril covered with rolled cotton, Kerlix, and a plaster stirrup. THESE SAME ENTRIES are in the book under Ophthalmology, Surgery, Diagnostics, Orthopedics, or Hematology/Oncology, as appropriate. ONE BLANK PAGE for your notes is provided at the end of every section. YOU WILL SEE very few of the old familiar medical words, such as Klonopin, HEENT , Ortho-Novum, or pneumonia. We focus on words that are new, unusual, dicult to
nd, and/or missing from the standard medical reference books. INTERNET COUNTRY CODES : The drugs and medical products in the Non- U.S . section have one or more two-letter codes after each entry, indicating where the
product is available. In the interest of saving space, we decided to use the two-letter
internet country codes, and have provided a complete list of these codes on page 370,
immediately after the Non- U.S . section. NO ADDED HYPHENS : We did not introduce new breaks into any of the words in this book. If you see a hyphenated word at the end of a line, with the word continued
on the next line, it means the word should always be written with the hyphen. For the
medical transcription community, we felt it was important to be clear on this, even at
the expense of aesthetically undesirable line breaks. We have tried to make the book
attractive and easily readable in spite of our self-imposed constraints on hyphenation. DO YOU HAVE additions or corrections you would like to suggest for inclusion in MeDiCaLeSe 2007 ? The email address for suggestions is: nextedition@medicalese.org. I HOPE YOU will nd that both MeDiCaLeSe 2006 and medicalese.org are helpful to you. Elizabeth S. Dearborn November 17, 2006 Acephen
Ad GVCFTR .10 Drugs drugs, vitamins, baby formulas, herbals, medical foods ... Acephen: OTC acetaminophen suppository. Acetadote: antidote for acetaminophen overdose. Acetasol HC : acetic acid glacial, hydrocortisone otic solution or drops. AcidMantle: skin acidier, neutralizes problems stemming from daily exposure
to harsh alkaline industrial chemicals or
alkalis such as urine and fecal matter.
Mfr: Bradley Pharmaceuticals.
acid sphingomyelinase: for treatment
of Niemann-Pick disease type B. Acilac: lactulose solution.
Aciphex: rabeprazole sodium, for GERD . Aclovate: alclometasone dipropionate ointment or cream, for itchy rashes. Acnomel: topical acne treatment.
Acomplia: rimonabant, a cannabis derivative under study as of September
2006 for weight loss, smoking cessation,
prediabetic states, metabolic syndrome,
and cardiovascular conditions.
aconiazide: for tuberculosis. Acova: argatroban, for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Acsorex : OTC acne preparation. Aczone: dapsone, for acne vulgaris.
Acthrel: corticorelin ovine triutate IV , used in the treatment of Cushings
syndrome. Acticin: permethrin. For treatment of scabies. Actigall: ursodiol.
Actimid: for multiple myeloma.
Actimmune: interferon gamma-1b injection, for severe osteopetrosis. Actin-N: nitrofurazone.
Actiq: oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate, for breakthrough cancer pain. Activella: estradiol/norethindrone acetate, hormone and for osteoporosis. Activia: fortied yogurt with Bidus regularis cultures, to speed up intestinal
transit time. Mfr: Dannon. ActivOn: topical analgesic. Active ingredients: histamine dihydrochloride
and menthol. Actonel: risedronate sodium, inhibits bone resorption of Pagets disease. Actonel with Calcium: risedronate sodium with calcium carbonate tablets,
for postmenopausal osteoporosis. ACTO plus met: pioglitazone plus metformin. Actos: pioglitazone hydrochloride for type 2 diabetes. Actron: ketoprofen tablet, OTC , for pain relief. Acular: ketorolac tromethamine, for postsurgical inammation. Adagen: PEG adenosine deaminase. Adalat: nifedipine, calcium channel blocker. Adalat CC : nifedipine, calcium channel blocker. Adapin: doxepin, antidepressant.
Adapt skin barrier paste. Mfr: Hollister.
Adato Sil 5000: also known as
Adatomed Silicone Oil. Injected into the eye as treatment for retinal detachment. Adatomed Silicone Oil: see Adato Sil 5000. ADD -Vantage drug delivery system: IV drug delivery, mixing, storing system. Adderall: for ADHD . Adderall XR : for ADHD . ADEK s Pediatric Drops. Adenocard: adenosine.
Adentri: diuretic to treat edema in patients with stable CHF . Has completed Phase II trials. Adept adhesion reduction solution, 4% icodextrin. Ad GVCFTR .10: cystic brosis Tr gene therapy (recombinant adenovirus). MeDiCaLeSe 2006 2 www.medicalese.org LIG
MSI Abbreviations LIG : lymphocyte immune globulin, investigational for organ and bone
marrow transplants; passive immunizing
agent to prevent rejection of allograft
renal transplants; treatment for aplastic
anemia. LMA : laryngeal mask airway. LMWH : low molecular-weight heparin. LOC : laxative of choice. LOPS : loss of protective sensation, indicative of chronic alcoholism. LRTI : ligament reconstruction with tendon interposition. LTK : laser thermal keratoplasty. LULA : laparoscopy under local anesthesia. LUNA : laparoscopic uterine nerve ablation. LVAD : left ventricular assist(ive) device. LVAS : left ventricular assist(ive) system. LVEDP : left ventricular end diastolic pressure. LVH : left ventricular hypertrophy. MAb: monoclonal antibody. MACE : major adverse cardiovascular endpoint. MADRS : Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale. MAR : medication administration record. MARC : multi-use applicator rapid clip, 10-clip magazine for application of titanium clips. Mfr: Karl Storz. MARS : motion artifact rejection system. MAT : multifocal atrial tachycardia. MCAO : middle cerebral artery occlusion. MDS : myelodysplastic syndrome. MDI : metered dose inhaler. MDP : muramyl dipeptide, immunomodulator. MEA : microwave endometrial ablation. MELAS : myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like syndrome. MEN II b syndrome: multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome. mEq: milliequivalents. MGUS : monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined signicance. Often precedes
the development of multiple myeloma. MHP : monosymptomatic hypochondriacal psychosis. MIBG scan: metaiodobetaguanidine scan, to look for pheochromocytoma,
neuroblastoma. MIDCAB : minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass graft. MIRIAD : midwifery research database. MISTELS : McGill Inanimate System for Training and Evaluation of Laparoscopic Skills, laparoscopy simulator. MLG : midline glossectomy. MLR : myocardial laser revascularization. mmHg: millimeters of mercury. MMLC : mini-multileaf collimator. MMPI : matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. MODY : maturity-onset diabetes of the young.
MoM: multiples of the median. Often
used in prenatal screening. MPIF : myeloid progenitor inhibitory factor, mirostipen. MPO : myeloperoxidase staining. MQSA : Mammography Quality Standards Act. MRCP : magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. MRCP : mental retardation with cerebral palsy. MRN : magnetic resonance neurography. MRV : magnetic resonance venography. MSAFP : maternal serum alpha- fetoprotein. MSBOS : maximum surgical blood order schedule. MSCT : multi-slice computed tomography. MSI : magnetic source imaging. MSI : metered solution inhaler. MeDiCaLeSe 2006 130 www.medicalese.org including foreign and
non-medical words Vocabulary eventration hospitalist eventration: removal of the abdominal
viscera, protrusion of bowels from
abdomen.
exenteration: to empty a cavity
surgically.
exophytic: growing outward.
extraprostatic space.
ex vivo: outside the living body.
Removal of an organ for repair, with
subsequent surgical return to the body.
facet imbrocation: neuromuscular
shutdown upon compression of the facet
joints in the lower back.
factitious disorder: any illness
produced or falsied for purposes of
assuming the role of patient.
factor V Leiden.
falces: plural of falx.
feculent: containing bits of excrement.
felon: an abscess at the distal portion of
the phalanx.
femtomole (fmol): unit of measure
sometimes used for estrogen and
progesterone receptors. Over 10 fmol is
considered positive.
fetus-in-fetu: one or more fetuses
growing inside another fetus.
fever sheet.
st percussion: to thump the st on
the area of the body to be tested.
occulation: formation of a lumpy or
uy mass.
uence: term used in laser procedures.
Measurement of energy per unit area (J/cm2). forme fruste: partial or not clinically
apparent form of a disease.
formication: the belief that insects or
ants are crawling on or under the skin.
four Es of angina pectoris: eating,
exertion, emotion, exposure to cold.
Fredrickson classication of
dyslipidemia.
fructosamine: amino sugar. Gatch bed: generic term for an
adjustable hospital bed.
Gehan and George calculation of
body surface area.
geode: dilated lymph space.
geropsychiatry, geropsychiatrist,
geropsychiatric.
Gillick competence: based on a
decision of the British House of Lords as
to when when a minor is able to consent
to his or her own medical treatment,
despite a young age.
globose: round; rotund.
gomer: slang for a dicult patient;
abbreviation stands for get out of my
emergency room.
gossipyboma: surgical sponge which
has been left behind. From the Latin word for cotton and the Swahili word for place of concealment.
Greyhound therapy: one-way bus
ticket given to a homeless person after an ER visit. ground-glass appearance.
grumous: clotted or lumpy.
healing per primam: healing by rst
intention that occurs without the
intervention of granulations.
heliox: helium/oxygen mixture. Used in
60:40 or 80:20 proportion for airway
obstruction, especially asthmatic, and in
scuba diving.
hemoglobinopathy: any of several
hemoglobin disorders.
heterotopia: the presence of normal
tissue away from the usual area.
historian: in medicine, a poor historian
is someone who cannot provide his/her
medical history.
holmium laser: not homium.
hormonal therapy, hormone ablation
therapy.
hospitalist: a physician who practices
only in the hospital. www.medicalese.org 141 MeDiCaLeSe 2006 CHAMP
COLA Studies acronyms for
clinical trials CHAMP : Childrens HIV and AIDS Model Program study. CHAMP : Combination cHemotherapy And Mortality Prevention study. CHAMP : Combination Haemotherapy And Mortality Prevention ongoing trial. CHAMPIONS : Controlled High-risk subjects Avonex MS Prevention In Ongoing Neurologic Surveillance. CHAMPS : Controlled High-risk subjects Avonex MS Prevention Study. CHAOS : Cambridge Heart AntiOxidant Study. CHARM : Candesartan in Heart failure - Assessment of Reduction in mortality and Morbidity study. CHEESE : Comparative trial of HIV - infected patients Evaluating Ecacy and
safety of Saquinavir-Enhanced oral
formulation and indinavir given as part of
a triple drug therapy study. CHF STAT : Congestive Heart Failure: Survival Trial of Antiarrhythmic Therapy
study. CHRISTMAS : Carvedilol Hibernation Reversible Ischaemia Trial: MA rker of Success study. CHS : Cardiovascular Health Study. CHS : Charleston Heart Study. CHS : Community Health Study. CHS : Congenital Heart Surgeons Society study. CHS : Coronary Heart Study. CIBIS : Cardiac Insuciency Bisoprolol Study. CIBIS II : Cardiac Insuciency Bisoprolol Study II . CIBIS III : Cardiac Insuciency Bisoprolol Study III . CIDS : Canadian Implantable Debrillator Study. CIGTS : Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study. CINJALL : treatment study for children with acute lymphocytic leukemia. CLAPT : Cholesterol Lowering Atherosclerosis PTCA Trial. CLARITY TIMI -28: Clopidogrel as Adjunctive Reperfusion Therapy -
Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 28 study. CLAS-I : Cholesterol Lowering Atherosclerosis Study - I. CLAS-II : Cholesterol Lowering Atherosclerosis Study - II . CLASP : Cholesterol Lowering Agent to Slow Progression of Alzheimers disease
study. CLASS : Celecoxib Long-term Arthritis Safety Study. CLASS : Clomethiazole Acute Stroke Study. CLASSICS: CL opidogrel AS pirin Stent International Cooperative Study. CLASSICS : Clopidogrel Aspirin Stent Intervention Cooperative Study. CLASS-IHT: CL omethiazole Acute Stroke Study in Ischemic, Hemorrhagic,
and t PA treated stroke study. CLEERE : Collaborative Longitudinal Evaluation of Ethnicity and Refractive
Error study. CLEVER : Coreg and LE ft VE ntricular mass Regression study. CLIC : Characterizing the response to a Leukotriene receptor antagonist and an
Inhaled Corticosteroid study. COAST : heparin- COA ted ST ents in small coronary arteries study. COBALT : COntinuous infusion versus double-Bolus Administration of aLteplase Trial. COCAD : Cognitive Outcomes in Coronary Artery Disease. COLA : Carvedilol Open Label Assessment. MeDiCaLeSe 2006 164 www.medicalese.org nerves, bones,
glands, muscles ... Anatomy r ACC trochlear nerve r ACC : rostral anterior cingulate cortex, pain center in the midfrontal portion of
the brain.
radix nasi: upper portion of the nose,
attached to the frontal bone. Literally,
root of the nose.
recurrent artery of Heubner: branch
of the anterior cerebral artery.
renal pyramid: the conical masses that
make up the medullary substance of the
kidney; they contain the loops of Henle,
the collecting ducts, and the arteriolae
rectae renis.
ren mobilis: hypermobile kidney.
ren unguliformis: horseshoe kidney.
rhinion: lower end of the suture line
between the nasal bones.
Rotters nodes: interpectoral lymph
nodes.
Sampaolesis line: a pigmented line
anterior to Schwalbes line.
schneiderian membranes: nasal mucous
membranes.
Schwalbes line: on the posterior
surface of the cornea.
septum pellucidum: thin fused lamina
connecting the corpus callosum and the
fornix.
Sibsons fascia: extends from the rst
rib to the transverse process of the
seventh cervical vertebra.
sinodural angle of Citelli.
soleus: muscle originating from the
posterior surface of the bula, inserting
into the calcaneus.
space of Poisier in the hand.
spinal accessory nerve: cranial nerve XI , relates to shoulder shrug. spinothalamic tract: carries sensations
of pain, temperature, and crude tactile
sensation.
spiral of Tillaux: imaginary line
connecting the insertion points of the
rectus muscles (eye). splenial: pertaining to the splenius
muscles in the back of the neck.
splenius: either of two muscles in the
back of the neck which extend and rotate
the head and neck.
splenule: accessory spleen.
Stahrs gland: lymph node adjacent to
the facial artery.
Stensens duct: duct of the parotid
gland.
subcutis: the supercial fascia.
supraglottis: the part of the larynx
above the glottis.
Suzannes gland: a mucous gland in
the mouth.
tendo Achillis: Latin for Achilles
tendon.
tendon of Todaro: near the
atrioventricular node, an anatomical
landmark during tricuspid valve
procedures.
tensor fasciae latae muscle.
thyromental: distance from the thyroid
cartilage to the mentum (chin). Traubes space: crescent-shaped space just above the costal margin. Percussion
of this area is performed to assess for
splenic enlargement.
triangle of Calot: cystic artery, cystic
duct, hepatic duct.
triangle of Koch: near the
atrioventricular node, an anatomical
landmark during tricuspid valve
procedures.
trigeminal nerve: cranial nerve V, with V1-V3 branches. Associated with sensations of temperature, vibration, and
pain in the V1 (ophthalmic), V2 (maxillary), and V3 (mandibular) regions of the face.
trochlear nerve: cranial nerve IV , relates to eye movement. www.medicalese.org 199 MeDiCaLeSe 2006 Diseases and Conditions Proteus syndrome rhinophyma Proteus syndrome: elephant mans
disease, partial gigantism of hands and
feet with nevi, hemihypertrophy, and
macrocephaly.
protrusio acetabuli: inward bulging of
the acetabulum into the hip.
proximal renal tubular acidosis:
type II or bicarbonate-wasting acidosis. prune-belly syndrome: Eagle-Barrett
syndrome. Decient abdominal muscle,
undescended testes, hypotonic bladder,
dilated ureters. PSE : portal systemic encephalopathy. pseudopacemaker syndrome: naturally occurring arrhythmias mimicking those
found in pacemaker syndrome, in patients without a pacemaker. pseudotumor cerebri: condition
caused by cerebral edema with increased
intracranial pressure, headache, nausea,
vomiting, and papilledema.
psittacosis: acute or chronic respiratory
disease, transmitted by birds.
pulmonary anthrax: acquired by
inhalation of dust containing Bacillus
anthracis. Initial chills followed by pain
in the back and legs, rapid respirations,
dyspnea, cough, fever, fast pulse, and
cardiovascular collapse.
pulmonary capillary leak: low-
pressure pulmonary edema.
pyelocaliectasis: dilation of the renal
calices, due to infection and/or
obstruction.
pyoderma stulans sinica: see fox den
disease.
pyonephrosis: infected, purulent urine
in an obstructed collecting system.
quad fever: unexplained fever
experienced by quadriplegic patients,
cured by cooling the patient o. RADS : reactive airway dysfunction syndrome. RAEB : refractory anemia with excess blasts. RAEBT : refractory anemia with excess blasts in transition.
ragpickers disease: pulmonary
anthrax.
ragsorters disease: pulmonary
anthrax.
Rasmussens encephalitis: a rare
progressive neurological disorder,
characterized by frequent and severe
seizures, loss of motor skills and speech,
hemiparesis, encephalitis, dementia, and
mental deterioration. The disorder, which
aects a single brain hemisphere,
generally occurs in children under the age
of 10.
Raymond-Foville syndrome: facial and
sixth nerve palsy, gaze palsy, contralateral
hemiplegia.
reactive arthritis: Reiters syndrome.
Reiters syndrome: reactive arthritis.
Renelds syndrome: autovampirism,
blood fetishism. Named for a character in Dracula. reset osmostat: causes hyponatremia in
acutely ill patients with severe neurologic,
pulmonary, or malignant disease
processes.
reticulate acropigmentation of
Kitamura.
Retts syndrome: neurological disorder
aecting mostly girls, who enter a period
of regression as very young children.
Reynolds syndrome: primary biliary
cirrhosis and systemic scleroderma.
rhabdomyolysis: acute, life-threatening
disease in which the skeletal muscle
breaks down.
rheumatoid lung: pleural eusions,
brosis, and pulmonary nodules in
patients with rheumatoid arthritis. More
common in males, although females
develop rheumatoid arthritis more
frequently.
rhinophyma: acne rosacea, which can
deform the nose. www.medicalese.org 223 MeDiCaLeSe 2006 lab tests, oce tests, home tests, scales, and scores Tests, Scales, and Scores ECOG nger-to-nger ECOG scale: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance scale. 0 =
entirely asymptomatic. 1 = symptomatic
but fully ambulatory. 2 = symptomatic
and in bed less than 50% of the day. 3 =
symptomatic and in bed more than 50%
of the day. 4 = bedridden. 5 = deceased. EDITS : Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction. Comes in two
versions, one for the patient and one for
the partner. ELISPOT : Mycobacterium tuberculosis test under development.
Elston grading scale for ductal breast
carcinoma, I through VIII . ELVIS : Enzyme Linked Virus Inducible System, in vitro diagnostic test kit for HSV . Elys heel to buttock test: positive
ndings indicate lumbar nerve root
adhesions or inammation, or irritation
to the iliopsoas muscle.
empty can test: for torn supraspinatus
tendon.
Enox test: to detect anticoagulant
eects of Lovenox. Mfr: PharmaNetics,
Inc.
Epley maneuver: test to elicit
nystagmus. EPPS : Edwards Personal Preference Schedule. A multiple-choice questionnaire,
apparently asking such questions as whether you would prefer to have sex
with your mother or with your father; and, if you were going to kill someone, would you prefer to stab them or bludgeon them? Evidently there is no way to select none of the above. EPS : extrapyramidal score. Epworth Sleepiness Score. Eight
questions, 0 to 3 points for each answer.
Erickson Communication Inventory
Scale or Erickson 24 Test. EUROSCORE : preoperative evaluation score for cardiac surgery.
Ez- HBT : blood test for detection of Helicobacter pylori. EZ -Screen Prole: test for ve drugs of abuse, opiates, amphetamines, PCP , cannabinoids, and cocaine. FACS : Facial Action Coding System. Developed by Ekman and Friesen in 1978,
revised in 2002, gives the meaning of the
microexpressions of the 43 muscles of the
face. Used by healthcare workers, law
enforcement, cartoonists, psychics, actors,
and artists. FACSAID : Facial Action Coding System Aect Interpretation Dictionary. Fagerstrom test: nicotine dependence questionnaire. FABS : Fetal Alcohol Behavioral Scale. Fajersztajns well leg raising test:
positive ndings conrm a ruptured disk
lesion. FAST : Functional Assessment ST aging. FastTake: blood glucose monitoring
system and test strips, for home use. Mfr:
LifeScan. FEN a score: fractional excretion of sodium score.
fern test: dried amniotic uid under a
microscope looks like clusters of fern
leaves. If the membranes are ruptured,
the fern test is positive.
fetal viability scan: performed at 6 to 10 weeks, to determine number of fetuses and whether the pregnancy is inside the
uterus and progressing normally.
FiF (functional intact brinogen) assay.
Mfr: American Biogenetic Sciences. FIM score: functional independent measurement.
nger-to-nger test: positive ndings
are indicative of posterior column or
cerebellar disease. www.medicalese.org 267 MeDiCaLeSe 2006 Pivot-Cook
Rhythm catheter Devices medical devices and equipment Pivot-Cook double-lumen catheter.
Pleura Stay catheter fastener.
PlexiPulse: reduces postoperative
edema and incidence of DVT . PneumoSleeve.
Pneumostat: compressor nebulizer
manufactured by Weil in the 1930s.
Pneumostat chest drain valve.
Introduced in 2001. Mfr: Atrium Medical. P.N.S. electrode. Mfr: Vermed. Point 9 laser catheter.
Polaris Dx steerable diagnostic catheter.
Mfr: Boston Scientic.
Polaris T temperature ablation catheter.
Mfr: Boston Scientic.
Polaris X steerable diagnostic catheter.
Mfr: Boston Scientic.
Port-A-Cath.
Portapres: continuous pulse/blood
pressure monitor for periods longer than
24 hours. The device is worn belted to
the waist and attaches to two adjacent
ngers. Mfr: Finapres Medical Systems.
Posey: manufacturer of restraining
devices, such as the vest Posey, pelvic
Posey, etc.
Posiow IV access system. Mfr: Becton Dickinson.
Posture Pump spine trainer.
Press-Pak: used to control bleeding
requiring the application of pressure.
Prestige IQ blood glucose monitor. PRN adapter: attaches to IV catheter for needleless access. PRO infusion catheter. Pro-Fitt LSO back brace: designed to stabilize the spine from L1-S5.
Pro-Fitt TLSO back brace: designed to stabilize the spine from S5-T5.
Pro-Flow nasal airow sensor cannula.
Mfr: Pro-Tech.
ProGuide chronic hemodialysis catheter.
Mfr: Datascope. Pronex: cervical collar traction unit, for
neck pain.
ProStream infusion wire. Mfr: Micro Therapeutics. Pro-Tech quantum respiratory eort
sensor.
Protectiv Acuvance IV safety catheter. Protege 3010 syringe infusion pump.
Mfr: Medex. PUCA pump: pulsatile catheter pump. Pulec endolymphatic shunt. Mfr:
Medtronic Xomed.
Pulmios inhaler for pulmonary
hypertension.
Pulse CO hemodynamic monitor. Mfr: Li DCO plc, Cambridge, U.K . Puritan-Bennett 840 ventilator system.
Quantum Maverick balloon catheter.
Mfr: Boston Scientic.
Quickie wheelchair.
QuickSeal arterial closure system.
QuikDraw PRO : lumbar support. Mfr: Aspen Medical Products. Quincke spinal needle.
Quinton R1 rapid-exchange balloon
dilatation catheter.
red rubber catheter.
Reexion steerable catheter. Mfr: St.
Jude Medical.
Reid sleeve: for lymphedema. Mfr:
Peninsula Medical.
Release NF catheter: antibacterial Foley catheter.
ReliaFlow: surgically implanted device
for vascular bypass or hemodialysis.
Reliaject automatic injector.
Resp- EZ respiratory eort belt. Mfr: Sleepmate.
Retract-o-tape: typically used in
cardiovascular, thoracic, vascular,
orthopedic, and urological surgery. Mfr:
Genzyme/Quest Medical.
Rhythm catheter: disposable electrical
catheter. MeDiCaLeSe 2006 300 www.medicalese.org products available only outside the U.S. Non- U.S. 222 Acupan 222: aspirin, caeine, and codeine tablet. CA 282: aspirin, caeine, and codeine tablet. CA 282 Mep: aspirin, caeine, meprobamate, and codeine tablet. CA 292: aspirin, caeine, and codeine tablet. CA 3 TC : lamivudine, for HIV . CA AAA Mouth and Throat Spray: benzocaine spray. UK Abbocillin-V: phenoxymethylpenicillin, anti-infective. AU Abbocillin- VK Filmtab: phenoxymethylpenicillin, anti-
infective. AU Abenol: acetaminophen. CA Abidec: multivitamin drops. UK Abtrim cream: clotrimazole cream, antifungal. UK Abtrim pessary: clotrimazole vaginal applicator, antifungal. UK Accomin Adult Tonic: vitamin B complex. AU Accupro: quinapril hydrochloride tablet, for hypertension and CHF . UK Accure 10: isotretinoin. AU Accure 20: isotretinoin. AU AccuSite injectable gel: uorouracil/ epinephrine, for genital warts. UK AU Acenorm: captopril. AU Acepril: captopril tablet. UK Acetaminophen-Odan: acetaminophen. CA Acetoxyl: benzoyl peroxide topical. CA Acezide: captopril, hydrochlorothiazide tablet. UK Achromycin: tetracycline hydrochloride capsule. UK Acihexal: aciclovir. AU Aci-Jel: glacial acetic acid, for chronic
vaginitis. UK AU Acimax: omeprazole magnesium. AU Acipep: famotidine tablet. Mfr: Kopran, Ltd. Marketed outside the U.S . Aclarubicin: second-line therapy for ALL . UK Aclasta: zoledronic acid infusion, for Pagets disease of bone. EU Aclin: sulindac. AU Aclor: cefaclor. AU Acnecide: hydrous benzoyl peroxide, for treatment of acne vulgaris. UK Acnisal: salicylic acid for acne. UK Acon: Vitamin A. GT Acorvio Plus: uprednidene, miconazole cream, antifungal. UK Actifed Chesty Cough: triprolidine hydrochloride, pseudoephedrine
hydrochloride, and guaifenesin. UK Actifed Dry Cough: triprolidine hydrochloride, pseudoephedrine
hydrochloride, and
dextromethorphan. UK Actilax: lactulose. AU Actilyse: alteplase. UK AU Actinac: chloramphenicol, hydrocortisone acetate,
butoxyethylnicotinate, allantoin,
precipitated sulfur. Acne therapy. UK CA Actiprofen: ibuprofen. AU Activelle: estradiol/norethindrone acetate, hormone and for osteoporosis. NL DK FR Actonel/Optinate: risedronate sodium, bone resorption inhibitor. Approved for
once-weekly dosing. SE FR DE IT ES UK Actonorm gel: aluminium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and activated
dimeticone. For indigestion. UK Actralka: disodium hydrogen citrate liquid. IN Actraphane: insulin human. EU Actrapid: short-acting insulin recombinant human (insulin neutral). AU EU Acupan: nefopam hydrochloride, non-opioid for sudden or constant
pain. UK www.medicalese.org 305 MeDiCaLeSe 2006 Countries internet country codes as of 09/10/06 AC Ascension Island AD Andorra AE United Arab Emirates AF Afghanistan AG Antigua and Barbuda AI Anguilla AL Albania AM Armenia AN Netherlands Antilles AO Angola AQ Antarctica AR Argentina AS American Samoa AT Austria AU Australia AW Aruba AZ Azerbaijan AX Aland Islands BA Bosnia and Herzegovina BB Barbados BD Bangladesh BE Belgium BF Burkina Faso BG Bulgaria BH Bahrain BI Burundi BJ Benin BM Bermuda BN Brunei Darussalam BO Bolivia BR Brazil BS Bahamas BT Bhutan BV Bouvet Island BW Botswana BY Belarus BZ Belize CA Canada CC Cocos (Keeling) Islands CD Congo, The Democratic Republic of the CF Central African Republic CG Congo, Republic of CH Switzerland CI Cote dIvoire CK Cook Islands CL Chile CM Cameroon CN China CO Colombia CR Costa Rica CS Serbia and Montenegro CU Cuba CV Cape Verde CX Christmas Island CY Cyprus CZ Czech Republic DE Germany DJ Djibouti DK Denmark DM Dominica DO Dominican Republic DZ Algeria EC Ecuador EE Estonia EG Egypt EH Western Sahara ER Eritrea ES Spain ET Ethiopia EU European Union FI Finland FJ Fiji FK Falkland Islands (Malvinas) FM Micronesia, Federal State of FO Faroe Islands FR France GA Gabon GB United Kingdom GD Grenada GE Georgia GF French Guiana GG Guernsey GH Ghana GI Gibraltar GL Greenland GM Gambia GN Guinea GP Guadeloupe GQ Equatorial Guinea GR Greece GS South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands GT Guatemala GU Guam GW Guinea-Bissau GY Guyana HK Hong Kong HM Heard and McDonald Islands HN Honduras HR Croatia/Hrvatska HT Haiti HU Hungary ID Indonesia IE Ireland IL Israel IM Isle of Man IN India IO British Indian Ocean Territory IQ Iraq IR Iran, Islamic Republic of IS Iceland IT Italy JE Jersey JM Jamaica JO Jordan JP Japan KE Kenya KG Kyrgyzstan KH Cambodia KI Kiribati KM Comoros KN Saint Kitts and Nevis KP Korea, Democratic Peoples Republic KR Korea, Republic of KW Kuwait KY Cayman Islands KZ Kazakhstan MeDiCaLeSe 2006 370 www.medicalese.org internet country codes
as of 09/10/06 Countries LA Lao Peoples Democratic Republic LB Lebanon LC Saint Lucia LI Liechtenstein LK Sri Lanka LR Liberia LS Lesotho LT Lithuania LU Luxembourg LV Latvia LY Libyan Arab Jamahiriya MA Morocco MC Monaco MD Moldova, Republic of MG Madagascar MH Marshall Islands MK Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of ML Mali MM Myanmar MN Mongolia MO Macau MP Northern Mariana Islands MQ Martinique MR Mauritania MS Montserrat MT Malta MU Mauritius MV Maldives MW Malawi MX Mexico MY Malaysia MZ Mozambique NA Namibia NC New Caledonia NE Niger NF Norfolk Island NG Nigeria NI Nicaragua NL Netherlands NO Norway NP Nepal NR Nauru NU Niue NZ New Zealand OM Oman PA Panama PE Peru PF French Polynesia PG Papua New Guinea PH Philippines PK Pakistan PL Poland PM Saint Pierre and Miquelon PN Pitcairn Island PR Puerto Rico PS Palestinian Territories PT Portugal PW Palau PY Paraguay QA Qatar RE Reunion Island RO Romania RU Russian Federation RW Rwanda SA Saudi Arabia SB Solomon Islands SC Seychelles SD Sudan SE Sweden SG Singapore SH Saint Helena SI Slovenia SJ Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands SK Slovak Republic SL Sierra Leone SM San Marino SN Senegal SO Somalia SR Suriname ST Sao Tome and Principe SV El Salvador SY Syrian Arab Republic SZ Swaziland TC Turks and Caicos Islands TD Chad TF French Southern Territories TG Togo TH Thailand TJ Tajikistan TK Tokelau TL Timor-Leste TM Turkmenistan TN Tunisia TO Tonga TP East Timor TR Turkey TT Trinidad and Tobago TV Tuvalu TW Taiwan TZ Tanzania UA Ukraine UG Uganda UK United Kingdom UM United States Minor Outlying Islands US United States UY Uruguay UZ Uzbekistan VA Holy See (Vatican City State) VC Saint Vincent and the Grenadines VE Venezuela VG Virgin Islands, British VI Virgin Islands, U.S. VN Vietnam VU Vanuatu WF Wallis and Futuna Islands WS Samoa YE Yemen YT Mayotte YU Yugoslavia ZA South Africa ZM Zambia ZW Zimbabwe www.medicalese.org 371 MeDiCaLeSe 2006 Cardiovascular Vineberg procedure Zestril Vineberg procedure: either of two procedures for relief of angina, developed
in 1959. One was to ligate the internal
mammary artery, hoping to shunt more
blood to the coronaries. The other was to
implant the ligated internal mammary
artery into the myocardium, hoping to
stimulate the growth of new blood vessels.
Because of lack of controlled studies and
no improvement on post-exercise EKG following either type of procedure, i.e. no
surgical benet, the Vineberg procedures
are now no longer performed. viral cardiomyopathy: an acute inammation of the myocardium may
cause cardiomyopathy to develop. Virtus Plus II pacemaker. Mfr: Guidant. Visken: pindolol, antihypertensive.
Vista DDD dual-chamber, non-rate responsive implantable pacemaker. Mfr:
Guidant. Vitality 2 implantable AICD . Mfr: Guidant. Vitality AVT dual-chamber AICD . Mfr: Guidant. Vitality DS dual-chamber AICD . Mfr: Guidant. Vitality DS VR dual-chamber AICD . Mfr: Guidant. Vitatron Selection AF m pacemaker. Mfr: Medtronic. Viva balloon catheter. Comes in sizes 2.5 and 4.0 mm. Vortex stabilization system. Mfr: Guidant. Voyager OTW coronary dilatation catheter. Mfr: Guidant. VS core with AutoGate: to detect heart disease without EKG recording devices. VTE : venous thromboembolism. Vueport balloon.
Vytorin: Zetia (ezetimibe) plus Zocor
(simvastatin), cholesterol-lowering agent. WCD 2000 wearable debrillator. Welchol: colesevelam hydrochloride tablet. Formerly CholestaGel. Wellens syndrome: critical stenosis of the left anterior descending coronary
artery. Often includes biphasic T-waves
in V2 and V3, or deeply inverted
symmetrical T-waves in V2 and V3. Wenckebach block: Mobitz type I second-degree AV block. widowmaker: medical slang for stenosis of the proximal LAD . Wiggers diagram: graphic representation of events in the cardiac
cycle. Wiseguide guide catheter. Mfr: Boston Scientic. Witner coronary artery stent.
WorldHeart rotary ventricular assist device: used in Europe and in clinical
trials in the U.S. as of March 2006. wringer wrap: see latissimus dorsi procedure. Wytensin: guanabenz acetate.
Xact carotid stent system. Mfr: Abbott
Vascular Devices.
Xcelerant delivery system for AneuRx AAA stent graft system. Mfr: Medtronic. X-Sizer catheter system: for thrombus removal in native coronary arteries and
saphenous vein grafts. Mfr: ev3, Inc. Yentls syndrome: the fact that
womens coronary complaints have been treated less than aggressively by the
medical establishment. Yumiko-Lita catheter. Used in angiography of the left internal thoracic
artery from a right arm approach.
Z2 coronary guide catheter.
Zaroxolyn: metolazone tablet, thiazide
diuretic.
Zebeta: disoprolol fumarate tablet.
Zestoretic: hydrochlorothiazide,
lisinopril, ACE inhibitor/diuretic. Zestril: lisinopril, ACE inhibitor. www.medicalese.org 411 MeDiCaLeSe 2006 diabetes, thyroid,
renal failure ... Endocrine Pimagedine SureStep Pimagedine: aminoguanidine, for
treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
Plummers disease: toxic multinodular
goiter, excessive secretion of thyroid
hormone.
Pourchez XpressO hemodialysis
catheter. PPAR (peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor) agonists: a class of
drugs being investigated for activity in
type 2 diabetes.
Prandin: repaglinide, for type 2
diabetes.
Prestige IQ blood glucose monitor. ProGuide chronic hemodialysis catheter.
Mfr: Datascope.
Propylthiour: propylthiouracil,
antithyroid agent.
Pushita blood glucose monitoring device.
Pyridorin: pyridoxamine
dihydrochloride, naturally occurring Vitamin B6, for diabetic nephropathy.
Application led with FDA in 1999. RAMP : Renal Anemia Management Period, the critical time immediately
following the onset of chronic renal
insuciency.
Regranex: becaplermin, for diabetic
foot ulcers.
Regular Iletin II (Pork): insulin puried pork injectable.
Relefact TRH : protirelin, diagnostic aid in pituitary, hypothalamic, or thyroid
disorders.
ReliOn: insulin, glucose, blood pressure
monitors, lancets, etc., sold at Wal-Mart.
ren mobilis: hypermobile kidney.
ren unguliformis: horseshoe kidney.
Renagel: sevelamer hydrochloride, to
reduce serum phosphorus in hemodialysis.
Renalvite: vitamins for renal dialysis
patients. Renapro: nutritional supplement for
kidney patients, 90% protein. Mfr:
Syner-Med.
Rena-Vite: supplement for patients on
hemodialysis.
RenaZorb: lanthanum-based phosphate
binding agent for hyperphosphatemia in ESRD . In preclinical status as of March 2006.
Renovit: nutritional formula for patients
with renal disease.
Riomet: metformin, for type 2 diabetes.
rivoglitazone: for type 2 diabetes.
rosiglitazone: for type 2 diabetes.
SchonCath: Schon hemodialysis
catheter.
scleroderma renal crisis: in
scleroderma patients, development of
hypertension and rapid deterioration in
renal function. Treatment is ACE inhibitors followed by hemodialysis.
Sensipar: cinacalcet hydrochloride for
hyperparathyroidism. Approved by FDA in March 2004. SHPT : secondary hyperparathyroidism. Simulect: basiliximab, for prevention of
acute rejection post renal transplantation.
sitagliptin phosphate: in clinical trials
as of January 2006 in patients with both
chronic renal insuciency and type 2
diabetes mellitus.
Sleep Sentry: to monitor for low blood
sugar during sleep. Mfr: Diabetes Sentry
Products.
Sof-Tact glucose monitor: allows blood
samples to be taken from less sensitive
areas of the body for blood glucose
testing.
Starlix: nateglinide for type 2 diabetes.
Sucraid: sacrosidase, for CSID . Suplena: for patients with renal disease.
SureStep glucose test strips by
Lifescan/Johnson & Johnson. www.medicalese.org 445 MeDiCaLeSe 2006 Femara
German regimen Hematology/Oncology chemotherapy protocols, radiation oncology Femara: letrozole, for advanced breast
cancer.
fenretinide: for neuroblastoma.
Fibrogammin P: for congenital Factor XIII deciency. brothecoma: ovarian tumor.
avopiridol: in clinical trials as of
March 2006 for several varieties of
leukemia.
Fletcher-Suit applicator with side
jackets: implantable radioactive device
used in the treatment of cervical cancer. FLIPI : Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index.
Flocor: poloxamer 188, orphan drug for
sickle cell crisis.
oxuridine : FUDR , antineoplastic for parenteral administration.
Fludara: udarabine phosphate.
uorescein electronic endoscopy: to
determine the extent of known early-stage
gastric cancers. FM dC: see tezacitabine. FMD : udarabine, mitoxantrone, and dexamethasone.
focused heat cancer therapy: adaptive
phased-array microwave heat. FOLFIRI : chemotherapy regimen for metastatic colorectal cancer, consisting of
irinotecan, folinic acid, and 5- FU . Often preceded or followed by FOLFOX 4 or FOLFOX 6. FOLFOX : irinotecan and bolus uorouracil plus leucovorin, oxaliplatin,
and infused 5-uorouracil plus leucovorin.
Being studied in chemonaive metastatic
colorectal cancer patients.
Fosamax: alendronate for treatment of
osteoporosis, hypercalcemic state in
malignancy.
Foscan-mediated photodynamic
therapy: a minimally invasive technique
that uses lasers to activate light-sensitive
drugs. Primarily used in head and neck
cancers. fotemustine: chloroethyl nitrosurea
used in adult brain tumors.
four-source tandem.
French regimen: for disseminated
noncleaved-cell lymphoma and B-cell
leukemia.
Frontal Hybrid regimen: vincristine,
chlorambucil, procarbazine, prednisolone,
etoposide, doxorubicin, and vinblastine.
Fuchs adenoma: a glistening, white
tumor of nonpigmented ciliary epithelium,
aecting the iris. FUDR : oxuridine. Fuhrman nuclear grading system in
renal cell carcinoma.
G17 DT Immunogen: for gastric and pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
G207: genetically engineered herpes
simplex virus, for malignant glioma.
Gail model for breast cancer staging.
Galactomycin: a doxorubicin derivative,
in early clinical trials as of March 2006.
Gammagard: a freeze-dried preparation
of highly puried IgG derived from large
pools of human plasma.
gamma radiation seed ribbon.
Ganite: gallium nitrate, for treatment of
cancer-related hypercalcemia that is
unresponsive to hydration.
Gastrimmune: therapeutic vaccine for
treatment of pancreatic and stomach
cancer. GBM : glioblastoma multiforme. GEMOX : gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin, for advanced biliary tract
adenocarcinoma.
Gemzar: gemcitabine.
Genasense: oblimersen sodium, used in
combination with other therapies in many
types of cancer.
Gerbich blood group: one of the
non- ABO blood groups. German regimen: infusional 5- FU plus leucovorin for rectal cancer. MeDiCaLeSe 2006 472 www.medicalese.org microorganisms, pathogens,
antibiotics, antifungals ... Infection ABCD anidulafungin ABCD : amphotericin B colloidal dispersion, Amphocil. For prophylaxis
and/or treatment of invasive fungal
infections in severely
immunocompromised patients. Abelcet : IV amphotericin B lipid complex for fungal infection. AB thrax : PA mAb, anti-anthrax drug. Acinetobacter anitratus : found in infected wound tissue. Acinetobacter baumannii : found in infected wound tissue. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus : found in infected wound tissue. Acinetobacter haemolyticus : found in infected wound tissue. Acinetobacter johnsonii : found in infected wound tissue. Acinetobacter junii : found in infected wound tissue. Acinetobacter lwo : found in infected wound tissue. Acinetobacter mallei : microorganism causing wound infections. Acinetobacter radioresistans : found in infected wound tissue. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans = Haemophilus actinomycetemcomitans . Actinomadura madurae . Actinomadura pelletieri . Actinomyces gerencseriae . Actinomyces israelii . Aeromonas cavige : hydrophila. Adoxa: doxycycline. aerosolized amphotericin: for HIV/AIDS . aerosolized pentamidine: for HIV/AIDS . Aerugen: to prevent Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in patients with
cystic brosis. Agenerase: amprenavir, for HIV . Albenza: albendazole, for tapeworm. Alcaligenes aestus . Alcaligenes aquamarinus . Alcaligenes cupidus . Alcaligenes defragrans . Alcaligenes denitricans . Alcaligenes eutrophus . Alcaligenes faecalis . Alcaligenes latus . Alcaligenes odorans . Alcaligenes pacicus . Alcaligenes paradoxus . Alcaligenes piechaudii . Alcaligenes ruhlandii . Alcaligenes venustus . Alcaligenes viscolactis . Alcaligenes xylosoxidans . alpha-epibromide for HIV . AmBisome : IV liposomal amphotericin, for fungal infection. AMD 3100: stem cell mobilizer for HIV , in Phase III clinical trials as of September 2006. Also known as Mozobil or
plerixafor. AMD 8664: an entry inhibitor, blocks HIV from infecting cells. In preclinical trials. Amikin: amikacin injectable, antibiotic.
Amoxil: amoxicillin tablet, capsule, or suspension. Amphocil: see ABCD . Amphocin powder: amphotericin B.
Amphotec: amphotericin B lipid-based formulation for use in patients with renal
impairment who cannot tolerate regular
amphotericin antifungal treatment. amphoterrible : amphotericin. Analatro: for black widow spider envenomation. Anavip: for envenomation by Crotaline snakes. Ancef: cefazolin sodium.
Ancobon: ucytosine (5 -FC <

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